Does Homosexuality Have A Biological Basis - 2082 Words

Does Homosexuality Have a Biological Basis? Aliyyah Dewji Candidate #: Seminole High School 08/24/15 Word Count: Many scientists have a difficult time understanding homosexuality on the evolutionary aspect. They believe a human beings’ main purpose is reproduction, which makes the sexual relationship between two males a confusing concept for most evolutionary thinkers (McKnight 1). Evolutionary thinkers believe that the less desirable genes are removed from the system when they are not breed as often, but this cannot be said for homosexual males who have been a continuing presence in most societies over numerous generations (McKnight 1). These evolutionary thinkers, like most humans, have a need to place others into†¦show more content†¦A great number of the gay community, however, hopes that the basis for homosexuality will be biological (Steen 188). Many parents that have homosexual children do not want to be associated with the theory of environmental factors, because they believe they did not contribute to make their children homosexual (Baird and Baird 73). They believ e that if it is biological, it will mean it is part of life and not a choice they made (Steen 188). Understanding the human body and the factors that can affect the body is drastically important to most humans, which is why a lot of psychologist are so curious about the basis of homosexuality. Now the real question is, to what extent does homosexuality have a biological basis? One theory that many psychologist and scientist are trying to prove is that homosexuality has a fundamental biological basis. Similar to most mammalian species, humans at conception are females (McKnight 22). Toward the end of the first trimester is when the babies with a â€Å"male genetic message† begin to have small doses of two hormones, chorionic gonadotropin and luteinizing hormone, which start the altering process of the gonads into testes (McKnight 22). The hormones two jobs are to control the sexual development and control their function (McKnight 22). When the brain starts to develop masculine characteristics and lose the feminine characteristics, the processes are separate and occur at different

Transgender Informative Speech - 1798 Words

Transgender Left Out In today’s society, we are raised to be tolerant, respectful, and understanding of others. The military cultivates these beliefs through policies and education. The military would not exist without our young citizens wanting to serve their patriotic duty. There are many benefits for someone to join the military, for instance, college money, medical and dental benefits, and trade to build on, and the best retirement plan. As long as you were Medically fit, and mentally adept, and a good member of society. But what if I told you that you had to hide who you are or self-identified as. That even today in our armed forces a person cannot stay in the military or join the military because of what a person identifies†¦show more content†¦Also believed that having a homosexual in the ranks added risk to the Arm Forces’ high standards of morale, good order and discipline, and unit cohesion. In addition, most heterosexual men were so uncomforta ble with homosexuality that would undermine unit cohesion and jeopardize the overall effectiveness. With all that undue pressure of being homosexual, it was mind-boggling how anyone could serve and perform at high levels of stress wanted to stay in the military. Between the law’s implementation in 1993 and the ban being lifted in 2010 as many as 14,000 servicemen had been discharged under the DADT policy. Also, the Don’t Ask Don’t tell policy would cost the military and taxpayers 230 million to a half a billion dollars over the next 17 years on legal fees. The ban promoted a hostile working environment, wasting crucial resources on unnecessary investigation and forced many qualified service members to leave the military, depriving the services of many needed talents. Furthermore, by condoning discrimination to the homosexual community went against military values and treating everyone with dignity and respect. In March 2010, the don’t ask Don’t tell was repealed and this will begin the battle to allow homosexual to live to serve openly in the military. However, this took 17 months before receiving the responds they crave to hear due to the leadership in the military wanting to do more studies. How many studies do they need before doingShow MoreRelatedTransgender Informative Speech1769 Words   |  8 Pagesaccept or allow Transgender individuals to serve in any capacity in the U.S. Military. Our military must be focused on decisive and overwhelming victory, and cannot be burdened with tremendous medical costs and disruptions that transgenders in the military would entail. Thank you.† This statement left me with more of a questions than answers, and it became necessary to research the information. How does being transgender make our military forces less focused? How does being transgender reduce our percentageRead MoreInformative Speech About Transgender1407 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION Transgender individuals will be people whose sex characters don t relate to their organic sex, and along these lines they contrast from the generalization of how men and ladies ordinarily are. Transgender does exclude sexual introduction or physical sex attributes, but rather is in truth a less clinical term which relates to sex character and sex expression. Hence transgender individuals incorporate those individuals whose personality and conduct don t stick to the clichà © sexualRead MoreThe Internet Is Not The Best Place For A Woman Essay1310 Words   |  6 PagesYet, due to global abuse, people are often left alone or ignored as they struggle to define themselves. As a result, Everyday Feminism hopes to put an end to this by supporting individuals and groups who share their ideas of peace. Top 10 Most Informative Feminist Sites Clapway FeminismIn addition, the site itself is an educational method for social and personal liberation. Since launching in 2012, Everyday Feminism has rapidly become one the more popular feminist sites in the world. Almost 4.5 millionRead MoreGoing Into Diversity I Wasn t For Sure How The Class Would Go1693 Words   |  7 PagesThe stereotypes and prejudices only feed racism more. The biggest culprit of spreading this or at least embedding the ideas is the media. There should be more regulation on what is being reported, but then you start to thread on our right of free speech. â€Å"Threatening† our rights as United States citizens is a whole other issue. I constantly have to remind myself that there is good and bad in every race, culture and population. I applaud Howard Schultz, in his attempt to spread the word of equalityRead MoreSocial And Cultural Diversity : Beyond Racism3572 Words   |  15 Pagesthen produces the best ther apeutic approach to achieve the best outcome. Some informative resources that some people might find regarding cultural diversity, for both the client and the counselor, can be found on the internet. For a family to discuss, especially for an African American family, but really for all people, a speech can be found at the American Rhetoric website. It is the Martin Luther King, Jr. speech delivered in 1963 at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, DC. (Martin Luther King

judgement of ethics Argumentative Essay Example For Students

judgement of ethics Argumentative Essay Almost everyone has heard of the two great philosophers, Plato and Aristotle. Few people though, know much about their life long achievements. Their ownpersonal beliefs and philosophies. In order to understand them, we must fistexamine the background of the two philosophers. Plato was born to an aristocratic family in Athens. When Plato was a child,his father died, and his mother married Pyrilampes, who was an associate of thestatesman Pericles. As a young individual Plato had political ambitions, but hebecame disillusioned by the political leadership in Athens. He eventually becamea disciple of Socrates. Socrates spent his time talking to people about ethicaltopics. He hoped by this means to discover definitions of the virtues, thinkingthat in learning what virtue is he would become virtuous and that this wouldmake his life a happy one. He also hoped to expose other peoples false conceitof knowledge about ethical matters, thinking that such conceit prevented themfrom becoming virtuous and happy. Socrates appealed to some people, but herepelled many others; he also came to be associated in the public mind withanti-democratic factions in Athens. In 399 BC, Socrates was tried on a charge ofimpiety, convicted, and put to death. Plato witnessed the death of Socrates atthe hands of the Athenian democracy in 399 BC. By accepting Socrates basic philosophy and dialectical style of debate: thepursuit of truth through questions, answers, and additional questions. In 387Plato founded the Academy in Athens, the institution often described as thefirst European university. It provided a comprehensive curriculum, includingsuch subjects as astronomy, biology, mathematics, political theory, andphilosophy. Aristotle was the Academys most prominent student. During his lifetime, he had wrote many books towards philosophy, however The Republic is theone of more important work in the history of European thought. In essence, itdeals with the central problem of how to live a good life; what is justice inthe State, or what would an ideal State be like, and what is a just individual?These questions also encompass of arts should be encouraged, what form itsgovernment should take, who should do the government and for what rewards, whatis the nature of the soul, and finally what godly sanctions and afterlife shouldbe though to exist. However, we must not forget the other great philosopher, Aristotle. He wasbornin 384 BC. at Stagirus, a Greek colony and seaport on the coast of Thrace. His fatherNichomachus was court physician to King Amyntas of Macedonian, and from thisbeganAristotles long association with the Macedonian Court, which considerablyinfluencedhis life. While he was still a boy his father died. At age 17 his guardian,Proxenus, senthim to Athens, to complete his education. He joined the Academy and studiedunderPlato, attending his lectures for a period of twenty years. In the lateryears of hisassociation with Plato and the Academy he began to lecture on his ownaccount,especially on the subject of rhetoric. Although he studied under Plato. Aristotlefundamentally disagreed with his teacher on just about everything. He couldnot bringhimself to think of the world in abstract terms the way Plato did; above allelse, Aristotlebelieved that the world could be understood at a fundamental level throughthe detailedobservation and cataloging of phenomenon. That is, knowledge. At the death ofPlato in347 BC, he had wrote many different book. Among them all, one of whichconsidered tohave greater inference over other is The Politics. In the contest of The Republic, Platos major political work, is concernedwith the question of justice and therefore with the questions what is ajust state and who is a just individual? The ideal state,according to Plato, is composed of three classes. The economic structure of thestate is maintained by the merchant class. Security needs are met by themilitary class, and political leadership is provided by the philosopher-kings. Aparticular persons class is determined by an educational process that begins atbirth and proceeds until that person has reached the maximum level of educationcompatible with interest and ability. Those who complete the entire educationalprocess become philosopher-kings. They are the ones whose minds have been sodeveloped that they are able to grasp the Forms and, therefore, to make thewisest decisions. Furthermore, Plato associates the traditional Greek virtues with the classstructure of the ideal state. Temperance is the unique virtue of the artisanclass; courage is the virtue peculiar to the military class; and wisdomcharacterizes the rulers. Justice, the fourth virtue, characterizes society as awhole. The just state is one in which each class performs its own function wellwithout infringing on the activities of the other classes. Plato divides thehuman soul into three parts: the rational part, the will, and the appetites. Thejust person is the one in whom the rational element, supported by the will,controls the appetites. An obvious analogy exists here with the threefold classstructure of the state, in which the enlightened philosopher-kings, supported bythe soldiers, govern the rest of society. Book Of Galations EssayAristotle continues by making several general points about the nature ofmoral virtues, such as desire regulating virtues. First, he argues that theability to regulate our desires is not instinctive, but learned and is theoutcome of both teaching and practice. Second, he notes that if we regulate ourdesires either too much or too little, then we create problems. Moreover, heargues that desire regulating virtues are character traits, and are not to beunderstood as either emotions or mental faculties. At the heart of Platos philosophy is his theory of Forms, or Ideas. Ultimately, his view of knowledge, his ethical theory, his psychology, hisconcept of the state, and his perspective on art must be understood in terms ofthis theory. Platos theory of Forms and his theory of knowledge are sointerrelated that they must be discussed together. Influenced by Socrates, Platowas convinced that knowledge is attainable. He was also convinced of twoessential characteristics of knowledge. First, knowledge must be certain andinfallible. Second, knowledge must have as its object that which is genuinelyreal as contrasted with that which is an appearance only. Because that which isfully real must, for Plato, be fixed, permanent, and unchanging, he identifiedthe real with the ideal region of being as opposed to the physical world ofbecoming. One consequence of this view was Platos rejection of empiricism, theclaim that knowledge is derived from sense experience. He thought thatpropositions derived from sense experience have, at most, a degree ofprobability. They are not certain. Furthermore, the objects of sense experienceare changeable phenomena of the physical world. Hence, objects of senseexperience are not proper objects of knowledge. Platos own theory of knowledge is found in the Republic, particularly in hisdiscussion of the image of the divided line and the myth of the cave. In theformer, Plato distinguishes between two levels of awareness: opinion andknowledge. Claims or assertions about the physical or visible world, includingboth commonsense observations and the propositions of science, are opinionsonly. Some of these opinions are well founded; some are not; but none of themcounts as genuine knowledge. The higher level of awareness is knowledge, becausethere reason, rather than sense experience, is involved. Reason, properly used,results in intellectual insights that are certain, and the objects of theserational insights are the abiding universals, the eternal Forms or substancesthat constitute the real world. Nevertheless, At the heart of Platos philosophy is a vision of reality thatsees the changing world around us and the things within it as mere shadows orreflections of a separate world of independently existing, eternal, andunchanging entities called forms or ideas. Ordinary objects are what they areand have the features they do in virtue of their relation to or participation inthese more fundamental realities. Forms are the proper objects of knowledge orunderstanding, and the desire to attain understanding of them is the properdominant motivation in a healthy and happy human life. The apprehension andappreciation of formal reality makes life worth living; it also makes one moral. However, unlike his teacher Plato, Aristotle was much concerned with naturalphenomena. He was impressed in particular with living creatures: their abilityto develop in specific predictable ways after they have come into being, to liveout lives of characteristic types, and to leave behind replicas of themselves. Aristotle developed many of the ideas distinctive of his thought-change, nature,matter and form, causation, potentiality and actuality in the effort to describeand explain these regularities, and much of his philosophy is concerned withdeveloping the implications of these ideas and with applying them, in hisethical and political writings, to the specific case of human beings. Thephilosophies by both philosophers presents a tremendous amount of intelligenceand knowledge within themselves. However, when it comes down to their ethic ofbeliefs, it would still be highly debatable in present day. Category: Philosophy

Theoretical Perspectives on Remembering and Forgetting Essay Example

Theoretical Perspectives on Remembering and Forgetting Essay Introduction One of the most interesting subjects in an introductory class in psychological science is the construct of memory ; an resistless subject to position. survey and larn due to its relevancy and the personal benefits a individual can deduce vastly in the class of his/her survey. Peoples enjoy the sheer effort that those with exceeding abilities exhibit them in assorted ways. It is interesting to observe that in a survey on memory. a individual like Arturo Toscanini. a world-renowned music director. was said to hold been able to memorise every note written for every individual instrument in some 250 symphonic musics and all the music and wordss for more than 100 operas ( Morris A ; Maisto. 1999 in Neisser. 1982 ) . Peoples like him are illustrations of those with genuinely singular memories. It is natural for many to be interested in their modus operandis or merely what sort of memory they are. We will write a custom essay sample on Theoretical Perspectives on Remembering and Forgetting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Theoretical Perspectives on Remembering and Forgetting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Theoretical Perspectives on Remembering and Forgetting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer How of import is the apprehension of retrieving and burying? This is best seen in how some people seem allergic to the impression of being ascribed as forgetful in some countries of his/her life. or the fright of one twenty-four hours detecting that Alzheimer’s disease is looming big in an individual’s immediate hereafter. Peoples normally make attempts to procure that this portion of the brain’s installation is working good through personal research on the subject. some signifiers of mental exercising. and consuming specific nutritionary addendums. among others. However. there are legion facts and information that the mean individual must cognize about this really indispensable mental operation and the attach toing huge abilities or undertakings that every person encephalon is capable of. Its geographic expedition for a few is typically out of wonder ; nevertheless. many people often come across the constructs serendipitously and so detect the enjoyment of larning the stuff. This paper attempts to depict and explicate in precis. what memory is. its importance. the difference between short and long-run memory. and the theoretical positions that explain and help understand why people remember and bury. Discussion Merely what is meant by memory. and how are the footings short-run memory and long-run memory normally defined by psychologists? When a person’s memory suffers. what are normally the factors and accounts for such an juncture? Relevance and Definition of footings The survey of memory and specifically why people remember and bury any stuff is relevant particularly in the country of larning in peculiar and in instruction in general. Furthermore. it is a portion of this intricate web of acquisition and much of a person’s accommodation procedures. his whole being. depend mostly on it. Importance of Memory and its survey Memory is defined chiefly as theability to retain cognition: the ability of the head or of a individual or being to retain erudite information and cognition of past events and experiences and to recover that information and cognition. It is besidessomebody’s stock of maintained cognition and experience. and theretained feeling of event: the cognition or feeling that person retains of a individual. event. period. or subject( Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 ) . Short-run Memoryhas a batch to make with everyday stimulations which a individual experiences. This is specifically distinguished as keeping of about 20 to thirty ( 20-30 ) seconds which implies that a limited measure of informations is contained. This type of memory is indispensable in one’s day-to-day processing of experiences ( World Wide Web. mind-memory-improvement. com ) . Long-run memoryis defined as affecting the consolidation and organisation of complex cognition and information for farther mention and other cognitive ( mental ) processing such as the application of larning or information into meaningful experiences . This is illustrated through the information like a person’s ain birthday. his/her father’s name. and the visual aspect of his/her place ( www. mind-memory-improvement. com ) . In other words. to acquire an overview of these constructs. bothShort-runandlong-run memories.are concerned with how you continually form informations that are stored in your encephalon. In short. human memory is like a huge and complicated yet organized library. instead than a rubbish can or disordered shop room( World Wide Web. mind-memory-improvement. com ) . In the whole acquisition procedure that is portion and package of being human. it implies a certain grade of memory and forgetting. What is retrieving? Remembering is defined as continuity of acquisition after pattern has ceased. Harmonizing to Hilgard. it is to show in present responses some marks of earlier learned responses ( 1983 ) . The sorts of retrieving are: Reintegration ( the proficient term for reintegrate ) ; it is to restore an earlier experience on the footing of partial cues. For case. a fragment of a vocal reestablishes the first dance a miss had with the male child she had a crush on. the topographic point and the clip attender to the event and all the affecting memories associated with it. This may non be detailed or uncomplete. Recall ; simple resurgence of past experience and may affect motor or verbal accomplishments. like remembering the dance steps one learned in his/her physical instruction category. or in remembering a verse form learned in the old classs. Recognition ; involves acknowledging person or something familiar. An person may be asked to place a suspected felon he saw pilfering something from the supermarket in the old yearss. He/she may pick out the individual on the footing on acquaintance. Relearning ; involves more rapid larning than earlier on the footing of some keeping from earlier acquisition. In relearning experiments. when the topic can reproduce a given organic structure of a stuff harmonizing to a criterion originally used. it is said that he/she has met a standard of command ( Hilgard. 1983 ) . What is burying? Forgeting is the loss of the ability to remember. remember. or reproduce what has been antecedently learned. There are assorted theories that presume possible causes of the procedure. Among these are: a ) Passive decay through neglect B ) Systematic deformation of the memory hint degree Celsius ) Intervention effects ( retroactive and proactive suppression ) . and vitamin D ) Motivated forgetting ( Atkinson. 2000 ) . Explaining the Theoretical Positions Passive Decay through neglect This theory assumes that burying takes topographic point through the transition of clip. It assumes that larning leaves a hint in the encephalon or nervous system – thememory hintwhich involves some kind of physical alteration. With clip. metabolic procedures of the encephalon cause a attenuation or decay of the memory hints so that hints of the stuff one time learned bit by bit disintegrate and finally disappear ( Plotnik. 1996 ) . Systematic Distortion of memory hints This theory besides assumes alterations in memory hints. The orderly alterations in reproducing things from memory ( qualitative alterations ) can be attributed to self-generated alterations in the memory hints. Qualitative alterations are revealed in deformations of memory such as those which occur in rumours or in pictural stuffs which are transmitted from individual to individual or are recalled merely at intervals by a individual individual. Detailss are either omitted or added and sometimes the narrative or image is made better than the original ( Plotnik. 1996 ) . Intervention Effectss ( Retroactive or proactive suppression ) Retroactive suppressionrefers to a loss in keeping as the consequence of new larning which acts as dorsum up and inhibits the hints of older acquisition.Proactive suppressionrefers to similar inhibitory effects which occur when the interpolated stuff is placed in front of the stuffs to be learned ( Atkinson. 2000 ) . Motivated Forgeting The psychoanalytic school properties burying to motivational factors. including memory loss which is the complete forgetting of one’s personal yesteryear and to repression. which is the forgetting of stuff that is psychologically painful or inconsistent with the individual’s rating of the ego ( Atkinson. 2000 ) Other theories – Quantitative decay of keeping 1 ) Attitudinal and motivational factors – things we desire to retrieve are more easy remembered ; while indifference or deficiency of involvement may do more rapid forgetting ( Santrock. 2000 ) . 2 ) Nature of stuffs learned – stuffs that are meaningful and that lend themselves to good organisation are non easy forgotten. It is for this ground instructors or teachers must hold a good cognition of their students’ psychological makeup so that the latter will hold better opportunities of taking in the lessons ( Santrock. 2000 ) . 3 ) Emotional barricading – ( related to motivational forgetting ) Many pupils for case. province that they have experienced this status at some points in their academic lives ( Santrock. 2000 ) . 4 ) Faulty techniques of survey. – normally a pupil or any scholar for that affair. naively thinks that what he/she knows as personal survey wonts are really sufficient or equal. Sensitive and concerned instructors ( or some parents ) finally are the 1s who point these out to pupils. It is all the more necessary that the earlier diagnosing be in topographic point so that the development of good techniques will be taught and/or enhanced ( Santrock. 2000 ) . Decision Remembering and burying are signifiers of behaviour explained from different point of views by such theories as inactive Decay through Disuse. Systematic Distortion of memory Traces. Interference Effects and Motivated Forgetting. A pupil who learns that neglect consequences to disintegrate. will now guarantee that he/she put to utilize and do changeless pattern his/her regimen. Other grounds or factors are every bit of import that stuff are more thoroughly absorbed and assimilated to avoid the booby traps that pervade a scholar in his/her acquisition procedure. Although such things as wear and tear that accompanies ageing are at times unmanageable factors. and are tolerably the usual alibis of those who forget in their ripening old ages. some persons defy this common happening. Therefore. dismissing systemic or organic harm from the environment via accidents and pollution. the scientific groundss still indicate to the fact that the human encephalon is a powerful and extremely capable organ with more of its countries or frontiers to be explored. The branchings of the subject explored are to the incalculable advantages of a individual and considered additions in his/her personal apprehension and significance of memory. Mention: _____ Dictionaryby Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006.  © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Atkinson. R. L. . R. C. Atkinson. E. E. Smith. D. J. Bem. and S. Nolen-Hoeksema. 2000. Hilgard’s debut to psychological science. 13Thursdayed. New York: Harcourt College Publishers. Hilgard. E. R. . R. R. Atkinson. and R. C. Atkinson ( 1979 ) 1983.Introduction to Psychology.7Thursdayed. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanich. Inc. Morris. Charles with Albert Maisto. 1999. Understanding psychological science. 4Thursdayerectile dysfunction. Prentice Hall Inc. New Jersey. In Neisser. U ( 1982 ) .Memory observed: Memory in natural contexts. San Francisco: Freeman. Plotnik. R. 1996.Introduction to Psychology. 4Thursdayerectile dysfunction. Pacific grove. California 93950: Brooks/Cole Printing Company. Santrock. J. W. 2000.Psychology.New York: McGraw-Hill. Internet Beginning:hypertext transfer protocol: //www. mind-memory-improvement. info/sharp_memory_factors. hypertext markup language